VITAMIN A

INCI (Common Cosmetic Forms):

• Retinol

• Retinyl Palmitate

• Retinyl Acetate

• Retinyl Propionate

• Retinal (Retinaldehyde)(Retinoic acid is a prescription drug and not used in cosmetics.)

Overview

Vitamin A is a highly effective, multifunctional skincare active recognized for its unparalleled ability to promote skin renewal, support collagen production, improve texture, and target visible signs of aging. As a fat-soluble nutrient essential for normal epidermal function, Vitamin A plays a central role in regulating cell turnover and supporting the skin’s structural integrity.

In cosmetic formulations, Vitamin A is used in both pure and derivative forms to offer controlled efficacy with reduced irritation. It is one of the most researched skincare ingredients and remains a gold-standard choice for anti-aging and skin-regenerating formulations.

Mechanism of Action

Vitamin A works by:

• Enhancing cellular turnover, allowing newer, healthier skin cells to reach the surface more rapidly.

• Stimulating fibroblast activity, promoting natural production of collagen and elastin.

• Regulating melanin activity, helping to reduce the appearance of pigmentation and uneven tone.

• Supporting normalization of sebum production, which can help reduce congestion and breakouts.

Key Benefits

1. Anti-Aging & Collagen Support

• Visibly reduces fine lines and wrinkles

• Helps restore firmness and elasticity

• Strengthens the skin’s support structure over time

2. Texture Refinement

• Smooths rough patches

• Minimizes pore appearance

• Improves overall surface quality

3. Brightening & Even-Tone Correction

• Helps fade dark spots and sun damage

• Promotes a more luminous and even complexion

4. Clarifying & Anti-Breakout Action

• Keeps pores clear by increasing turnover

• Helps reduce buildup that leads to congestion

• Supports clearer, more refined skin

5. Skin Renewal & Revitalization

• Encourages healthier, younger-looking skin

• Supports radiance and vibrancy

• Enhances overall skin health and integrity

Who It’s Best For

Vitamin A is suitable for most skin types when introduced gradually.

• Normal Skin: Excellent for overall renewal and anti-aging.

• Dry Skin: Best used in nourishing bases or in gentler derivative forms such as retinyl esters.

• Combination Skin: Helps balance uneven texture and tone.

• Oily / Acne-Prone Skin: Keeps pores clear and supports visibly clearer skin.

• Sensitive Skin: Use with caution; start with low-strength or encapsulated formulas.

How to Use It

• Apply at night, as Vitamin A breaks down in sunlight.

• Introduce slowly: 1–2 times per week, increasing as skin adjusts.

• Always follow with daily broad-spectrum SPF 30+.

• Avoid combining with strong exfoliating acids on the same night.

Precautions

• May cause dryness, redness, or flaking during initial use.

• Not recommended for use on irritated or compromised skin.

• Seek professional guidance before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Reference Notes

• Retinoids are extensively studied and proven to increase epidermal turnover and collagen density (Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology).

• Cosmetic-grade retinol and retinyl esters demonstrate significant improvements in fine lines and pigmentation after consistent use (International Journal of Cosmetic Science).

• Retinaldehyde is identified as a potent but less irritating alternative to retinol, suitable for sensitive skin populations (Dermatologic Therapy).